Jefferson Franklin Long (March 3, 1836 – February 4, 1901) was an American politician from Georgia. He was the second African American sworn into the US House of Representatives, and the only African American to represent Georgia until Andrew Young was elected in 1972.

Long was the first African American to speak on the floor of the US House, opposing the Amnesty Bill that exempted former confederate serving in the House from swearing allegiance to the Constitution